Key takeaways
- Retinoids are vitamin A derivatives used in many skincare and dermatology products.
- A clinical review reports that topical retinoids such as tretinoin improved signs of photoaging in controlled studies.
- Irritation is common, and prescription-strength products require medical guidance.
What it is
Retinoids include prescription tretinoin and over-the-counter retinol. They act on skin cells to influence turnover and collagen.
What the evidence says
A review of retinoids in the treatment of skin aging summarizes controlled trials in which topical retinoids improved fine wrinkles, roughness, and pigmentation changes linked to sun exposure. The review also describes common local side effects such as redness, dryness, and peeling, which often lessen over time.
What the evidence does not establish
The review focuses on clinical retinoids. It does not establish that every over-the-counter retinol product delivers the same results, and it does not compare cosmetic brands.
Who may want to pay attention
People who are pregnant or planning pregnancy should ask a clinician before using retinoid products. Daily sun protection is important when using them.
Sources
- Mukherjee S, Date A, Patravale V, Korting HC, Roeder A, Weindl G. Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: an overview of clinical efficacy and safety. Clin Interv Aging. 2006;1(4):327–348. View on PubMed
Last reviewed October 2026. Educational information only, not medical advice. Findings from one study or review do not apply identically to every person or product.